Skyboxes

resources/EngineResources/SkyBoxTextures/textureCredit.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Sky texture:
+kaori669 on deviant art

resources/EngineResources/shaders/lighting_frag.glsl

@@ -149,4 +149,9 @@ void main() {
     vec3 color = ambient + Lo;
 
     outFragColor = vec4(color, 1.0f);
+    if (length(normal) < 0.001) {
+        outFragColor = vec4(albedo,1.0f);
+        return;
+    }
+
 }

resources/EngineResources/shaders/multi-sampled_post_process_frag.glsl

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 layout(constant_id = 0) const int USE_AA = 0;
 
-const float GAMMA_CONST = 0.8545;
+const float GAMMA_CONST = 0.6545;
 const float SPAN_MAX = 8.0;
 const float REDUCE_MIN = 1.0/128.0;
 const float REDUCE_MUL = 1.0/32.0;

resources/EngineResources/shaders/post_process_frag.glsl

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 layout(constant_id = 0) const int USE_AA = 0;
 
-const float GAMMA_CONST = 0.8545;
+const float GAMMA_CONST = 0.4545;
 const float SPAN_MAX = 8.0;
 const float REDUCE_MIN = 1.0/128.0;
 const float REDUCE_MUL = 1.0/32.0;

resources/EngineResources/shaders/scene_fragment.glsl

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #version 450
 
-const int MAX_TEXTURES = 512;
+const int MAX_TEXTURES = 128;
 
 layout(location = 0) in vec4 inPos;
 layout(location = 1) in vec3 inNormal;

resources/EngineResources/shaders/scene_fragment_deferred.glsl

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #version 450
 
-const int MAX_TEXTURES = 512;
+const int MAX_TEXTURES = 128;
 
 layout(location = 0) in vec4 inPos;
 layout(location = 1) in vec3 inNormal;

resources/EngineResources/shaders/scene_opaque_fragment.glsl

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #version 450
 
-const int MAX_TEXTURES = 512;
+const int MAX_TEXTURES = 128;
 
 layout(location = 0) in vec4 inPos;
 layout(location = 1) in vec3 inNormal;

resources/EngineResources/shaders/scene_opaque_fragment_deferred.glsl

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #version 450
 
-const int MAX_TEXTURES = 512;
+const int MAX_TEXTURES = 128;
 
 layout(location = 0) in vec4 inPos;
 layout(location = 1) in vec3 inNormal;
@@ -13,6 +13,13 @@ layout(location = 0) out vec4 outPos;
 layout(location = 2) out vec4 outNormal;
 layout(location = 3) out vec4 outPBR;
 
+const float bayerMatrix[16] = float[](
+        0.0 / 16.0,  8.0 / 16.0,  2.0 / 16.0,  10.0 / 16.0,
+        12.0 / 16.0, 4.0 / 16.0,  14.0 / 16.0, 6.0 / 16.0,
+        3.0 / 16.0,  11.0 / 16.0, 1.0 / 16.0,  9.0 / 16.0,
+        15.0 / 16.0, 7.0 / 16.0,  13.0 / 16.0, 5.0 / 16.0
+);
+
 struct Material {
     vec4 diffuseColor;
     uint hasTexture;
@@ -55,13 +62,17 @@ void main()
     } else {
         outAlbedo = material.diffuseColor;
     }
-
-
+    /*int Intensity = 4;
+    int x = int(gl_FragCoord.x) % Intensity;
+    int y = int(gl_FragCoord.y) % Intensity;
+    float threshold = bayerMatrix[y * Intensity + x];
+    if(outAlbedo.a < threshold || outAlbedo.a < 0.05f) discard;*/
     if(outAlbedo.a < 0.75) discard;
 
+
     mat3 TBN = mat3(inTangent, inBitangent, inNormal);
     vec3 newNormal = calcNormal(material, inNormal, inTextCoords, TBN);
-    outNormal = vec4(newNormal, 1.0f);
+    outNormal = vec4(newNormal, outAlbedo.a);
 
     float ao = 0.5f;
     float roughnessFactor = 0.0f;
@@ -75,6 +86,6 @@ void main()
         metallicFactor = material.metallicFactor;
     }
 
-    outPBR = vec4(ao, roughnessFactor, metallicFactor, 1.0f);
+    outPBR = vec4(ao, roughnessFactor, metallicFactor, outAlbedo.a);
 
 }

resources/EngineResources/shaders/scene_translucent_fragment.glsl

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #version 450
 
-const int MAX_TEXTURES = 512;
+const int MAX_TEXTURES = 128;
 
 layout(location = 0) in vec4 inPos;
 layout(location = 1) in vec3 inNormal;
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ void main()
     Material material = matUniform.materials[push_constants.materialIdx];
     if(material.hasTexture == 1){
         vec4 texColor = texture(textSampler[material.textureIdx],inTextCoords);
-        if(texColor.a < 0.05 || texColor.a >= 0.9){discard;}
+        if(texColor.a >= 0.9){discard;}
         outAlbedo = texColor;
     } else{
         outAlbedo = material.diffuseColor;

resources/EngineResources/shaders/scene_translucent_fragment_deferred.glsl

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #version 450
 
-const int MAX_TEXTURES = 512;
+const int MAX_TEXTURES = 128;
 
 layout(location = 0) in vec4 inPos;
 layout(location = 1) in vec3 inNormal;
@@ -13,6 +13,14 @@ layout(location = 0) out vec4 outPos;
 layout(location = 2) out vec4 outNormal;
 layout(location = 3) out vec4 outPBR;
 
+const float bayerMatrix[16] = float[](
+        0.0 / 16.0,  8.0 / 16.0,  2.0 / 16.0,  10.0 / 16.0,
+        12.0 / 16.0, 4.0 / 16.0,  14.0 / 16.0, 6.0 / 16.0,
+        3.0 / 16.0,  11.0 / 16.0, 1.0 / 16.0,  9.0 / 16.0,
+        15.0 / 16.0, 7.0 / 16.0,  13.0 / 16.0, 5.0 / 16.0
+);
+
+
 struct Material {
     vec4 diffuseColor;
     uint hasTexture;
@@ -57,7 +65,7 @@ void main()
     }
 
 
-    if(outAlbedo.a < 0.05 || outAlbedo.a >= 0.75) discard;
+    if(outAlbedo.a >= 0.75 || outAlbedo.a < 0.05f) discard;
 
     mat3 TBN = mat3(inTangent, inBitangent, inNormal);
     vec3 newNormal = calcNormal(material, inNormal, inTextCoords, TBN);

resources/EngineResources/shaders/shadow_frag.glsl

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#version 450
+
+void main() {
+
+}

resources/EngineResources/shaders/shadow_geometry.glsl

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#version 450
+
+void main() {
+
+}

resources/EngineResources/shaders/shadow_vertex.glsl

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#version 450
+
+void main() {
+
+}

resources/EngineResources/shaders/skybox_fragment.glsl

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#version 450
+
+layout(location = 0) in vec3 outTexCoords;
+
+layout(location = 1) out vec4 outColor;
+
+layout(set = 2, binding = 0) uniform samplerCube skyboxSampler;
+
+void main() {
+    outColor = vec4(texture(skyboxSampler, outTexCoords).rgb, 1.0);
+}

resources/EngineResources/shaders/skybox_vertex.glsl

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#version 450
+layout(location = 0) in vec3 inPosition;
+layout(location = 0) out vec3 outTexCoords;
+
+layout(set = 0, binding = 0) uniform ProjectionBuffer {
+    mat4 proj;
+} uboProj;
+
+layout(set = 1, binding = 0) uniform ViewBuffer {
+    mat4 view;
+} uboView;
+
+void main() {
+    outTexCoords = inPosition;
+    mat4 skyView = mat4(mat3(uboView.view));
+    vec4 pos = uboProj.proj * skyView * vec4(inPosition, 1.0);
+    gl_Position = vec4(pos.xy, 0.0, pos.w);
+}

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Display/Render.java

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@ package net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Display;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.EngineConfig;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.EngineInstance;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.InitData;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.Rendering.SkyBox;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.Rendering.VulkanContext;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.PrimaryRuntime;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.GUI.GuiRenderer;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.GUI.GuiTexture;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.DeferredRendering.LightRenderer;
@@ -58,6 +60,8 @@ public class Render {
     private TextureCache textureCache;
     private EngineConfig.AntiAliasType CurrentAAMode;
     private final boolean Deferred;
+    private float LastGamma = 0.8545f;
+
 
     public TextureCache GetTextureCache(){return textureCache;}
     public MaterialsCache GetMaterialsCache(){return materialsCache;}
@@ -105,6 +109,7 @@ public class Render {
         modelsCache = new ModelsCache();
         Resize = false;
         CurrentAAMode = EngineConfig.getInstance().RenderAAType();
+        LastGamma = EngineConfig.getInstance().GetGamma();
     }
 
     public void Initialise(InitData initData){
@@ -115,6 +120,15 @@ public class Render {
         Logger.debug("Loaded {} Materials", Materials.size());
 
         List<GuiTexture> guiTextures = initData.GuiTextures();
+        String[] SkyBoxTextures = new String[]{
+                "resources/EngineResources/SkyBoxTextures/skySide.png",
+                "resources/EngineResources/SkyBoxTextures/skySide.png",
+                "resources/EngineResources/SkyBoxTextures/SkyTop.png",
+                "resources/EngineResources/SkyBoxTextures/SkyTop.png",
+                "resources/EngineResources/SkyBoxTextures/skySide.png",
+                "resources/EngineResources/SkyBoxTextures/skySide.png"
+        };
+        textureCache.AddCubeMapTexture(RendererContext, DeferredSceneRender.SkyBoxID,SkyBoxTextures,VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB);
         if(guiTextures != null){
             initData.GuiTextures().forEach(texture -> textureCache.AddTexture(RendererContext, texture.TexturePath(), texture.TexturePath(), VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB));
         }
@@ -127,6 +141,7 @@ public class Render {
         Models.addAll(initData.Models());
         Logger.debug("Loading {} models", Models.size());
         //modelsCache.CleanUp(RendererContext);
+        modelsCache.CreateSkybox(RendererContext, SkyBox.SkyBoxMesh.VERTICES,DeferredSceneRender.SkyBoxID);
         modelsCache.loadModels(RendererContext, Models, CommandPools[0], GraphicsQueue);
         Logger.debug("Loaded {} models", Models.size());
 
@@ -227,6 +242,10 @@ public class Render {
     public void render(EngineInstance engineInstance){
         if(Deferred) DeferredRender(engineInstance);
         else ForwardRender(engineInstance);
+      //  if(LastGamma != EngineConfig.getInstance().GetGamma()){
+           // vkDeviceWaitIdle(RendererContext.GetDevice().FetchVulkanDevice());
+           // PrimaryRuntime.GetRenderThread().RefreshRenderer();
+      //  }
     }
 
     private void resize(EngineInstance engineInstance){

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Display/Window.java

@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ public class Window {
         glfwDefaultWindowHints();
         glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CLIENT_API, GLFW_NO_API);
         glfwWindowHint(GLFW_MAXIMIZED, GLFW_FALSE);
-
+        glfwWindowHint(GLFW_ALPHA_BITS, 0);
+        glfwWindowHint(GLFW_TRANSPARENT_FRAMEBUFFER, GLFW_FALSE);
         handle = glfwCreateWindow(width, height, title, MemoryUtil.NULL, MemoryUtil.NULL);
         if (handle == MemoryUtil.NULL) {
             //throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create the GLFW window");
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@ public class Window {
 
         IconBuffer.free(); //free the buffer once icon is set so when the program closes there isn't memory still floating around
         Logger.debug("Freeing icon Buffer");
+
         glfwSetWindowFocusCallback(handle, new GLFWWindowFocusCallback() {
             @Override
             public void invoke(long window, boolean focused) {

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Logic/EngineConfig.java

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public class EngineConfig {
     private String PhysicalDeviceName;
     private int RequestedImages;
     private String IconPath = "/WindowResources/Icon/";
-    private String DefaultTexturePath = "resources/EngineResources/Texture/DefaultTexture.png";
+    private String DefaultTexturePath = "resources/EngineResources/Texture/NoTexture.png";
     private String IconName = "ProgramIcon.png";
     private float FOV = 60f;
     private float zFarPlane;
@@ -73,7 +73,13 @@ public class EngineConfig {
     public boolean AlphaToCoverage = false;
     public boolean CompatibilityMode = false;
     public Renderer renderer = Renderer.Forward;
+    public int ShadowMapSize = 16;
+    public float Gamma = 0.8545f;
+    public int MaxVulkanCrashesAllowed = 10;
 
+    public int GetMaxVulkanCrashes(){return MaxVulkanCrashesAllowed;}
+    public void SetShadowMapSize(int ShadowSize){this.ShadowMapSize = ShadowSize;}
+    public int GetShadowMapSize(){return ShadowMapSize;}
     public void SetRenderer(Renderer renderer){this.renderer = renderer;}
     public boolean DeferredRendering(){return renderer == Renderer.Deferred;}
     public boolean AlphaToCoverage(){return AlphaToCoverage;}
@@ -85,6 +91,7 @@ public class EngineConfig {
         CPU_CORE_COUNT = CoreCount;
         CPU_DETAILS = CPU_NAME + " with " + CPU_CORE_COUNT + " Threads";
     }
+    public float GetGamma(){return Gamma;}
     public boolean CompatibilityMode(){return CompatibilityMode;}
     public void SetCompatibilitMode(boolean compatibilityMode){this.CompatibilityMode = compatibilityMode;}
     public int GetCoreCount(){return CPU_CORE_COUNT;}
@@ -217,6 +224,8 @@ public class EngineConfig {
             zFarPlane = (Float.parseFloat(EngineConfigVar.getOrDefault("z_far_plane", 100.0f).toString()));
             AAValue = (Integer.parseInt(EngineConfigVar.getOrDefault("anti_alias_mode", 1).toString()));
             renderer = Integer.parseInt(EngineConfigVar.getOrDefault("Renderer", 1).toString()) == 0 ? Renderer.Forward: Renderer.Deferred;
+            ShadowMapSize = Integer.parseInt(EngineConfigVar.getOrDefault("ShadowMapSize", 16).toString());
+            MaxVulkanCrashesAllowed = Integer.parseInt(EngineConfigVar.getOrDefault("MaxAllowedVulkanCrashes", 10).toString());
             CompatibilityMode = Boolean.parseBoolean(EngineConfigVar.getOrDefault("compatibility_mode", false).toString());
             AlphaToCoverage = Boolean.parseBoolean(EngineConfigVar.getOrDefault("AlphaToCoverage", false).toString());
             ForwardSceneRender.SetDualPassRendering(Boolean.parseBoolean(EngineConfigVar.getOrDefault("DualPassRendering", true).toString()));

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Logic/Rendering/SkyBox.java

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.Rendering;
+
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.Scene.Camera;
+import org.joml.Matrix4f;
+import org.joml.Vector3f;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+
+public class SkyBox {
+
+    public static class SkyBoxMesh{
+        public static final float[] VERTICES = {
+                -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,   1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,
+                1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,   1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,
+
+                -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,
+                -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  -1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,
+
+                1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,   1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,   1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,
+                1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,   1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,   1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,
+
+                -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  -1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,   1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,
+                1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,   1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,
+
+                -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,   1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,   1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,
+                1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  -1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,
+
+                -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,   1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,
+                1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,   1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f
+        };
+    }
+}

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Main/GameCore.java

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ import static org.lwjgl.glfw.GLFW.*;
 public class GameCore implements GameLogic {
 
     private static final float MOUSE_SENSITIVITY = 0.1f;
-    private static final float MOVEMENT_SPEED = 0.525f;
+    private static final float MOVEMENT_SPEED = 0.025f;
 
     private static final String SOUND_BUFFER_MUSIC = "music-sound-buffer";
     private static final String SOUND_BUFFER_PLAYER = "player-sound-buffer";
@@ -80,25 +80,25 @@ public class GameCore implements GameLogic {
         List<ModelData> models = new ArrayList<>();
         MusicParticle = ModelLoader.LoadModel("resources/models/MusicParticle/MusicParticle.json");
         List<MaterialData> MusicParticleMat = ModelLoader.LoadMaterials("resources/models/MusicParticle/MusicParticle_mat.json");
-      //  ModelData SponzaData = ModelLoader.LoadModel("resources/models/room/living_room.json");
-      //  List<MaterialData> SponzaMaterial = ModelLoader.LoadMaterials("resources/models/room/living_room_mat.json");
+        ModelData SponzaData = ModelLoader.LoadModel("resources/models/Forest/forest.json");
+        List<MaterialData> SponzaMaterial = ModelLoader.LoadMaterials("resources/models/Forest/forest_mat.json");
         radio = ModelLoader.LoadModel("resources/models/radio/radio.json");
         List<MaterialData> SponzaMaterial2 = ModelLoader.LoadMaterials("resources/models/radio/radio_mat.json");
-        ModelData SponzaData = ModelLoader.LoadModel("resources/models/Cafe/exterior.json");
-        List<MaterialData> SponzaMaterial = ModelLoader.LoadMaterials("resources/models/Cafe/exterior_mat.json");
-        ModelData SponzaData1 = ModelLoader.LoadModel("resources/models/Cafe/interior.json");
-        List<MaterialData> SponzaMaterial1= ModelLoader.LoadMaterials("resources/models/Cafe/interior_mat.json");
+       // ModelData SponzaData = ModelLoader.LoadModel("resources/models/Cafe/exterior.json");
+       // List<MaterialData> SponzaMaterial = ModelLoader.LoadMaterials("resources/models/Cafe/exterior_mat.json");
+       // ModelData SponzaData1 = ModelLoader.LoadModel("resources/models/Cafe/interior.json");
+       // List<MaterialData> SponzaMaterial1= ModelLoader.LoadMaterials("resources/models/Cafe/interior_mat.json");
          scene.AddActor(new Actor("Sponza1", SponzaData.ID(), new Vector3f(0,0f,-5f)));
-        scene.AddActor(new Actor("Sponza2", SponzaData1.ID(), new Vector3f(0,0f,-5f)));
+       // scene.AddActor(new Actor("Sponza2", SponzaData1.ID(), new Vector3f(0,0f,-5f)));
 
         CubeActors.forEach(scene::AddActor);
 
         List<MaterialData> materials = new ArrayList<>();
         materials.addAll(SponzaMaterial);
         materials.addAll(MusicParticleMat);
-        materials.addAll(SponzaMaterial1);
+      //  materials.addAll(SponzaMaterial1);
         materials.addAll(SponzaMaterial2);
-        models.add(SponzaData1);
+      //  models.add(SponzaData1);
         models.add(SponzaData);
         models.add(MusicParticle);
         models.add(radio);
@@ -110,26 +110,26 @@ public class GameCore implements GameLogic {
         scene.AddCameraFrame("Fifth", new CameraFrame(new Vector3f(64.92f,158.06f,-35.25f),new Vector3f(-11.20f,156.5f,0.0f),scene.GetCamera().GetFOV(),"Sixth"));
         scene.AddCameraFrame("Sixth", new CameraFrame(new Vector3f(94.52f,172.54f,47.57f),new Vector3f(4.3f,329.27f,0.0f),scene.GetCamera().GetFOV(),"NO_FRAME"));
         camera.SetPosition(40.0f, 155.0f, -42.0f);
-        camera.SetPosition(0,0,0);
+        //camera.SetPosition(0,0,0);
         camera.SetRotation((float) Math.toRadians(10.0f), (float) Math.toRadians(-90.0f),0);
-        camera.SetRotation(0,0,0);
+        //camera.SetRotation(0,0,0);
 
-        guiTexture = new GuiTexture("resources/EngineResources/Texture/DefaultTexture.png");
+        guiTexture = new GuiTexture("resources/EngineResources/Texture/Billy.png");
         Logger.debug("GUI TEXTURE CREATED, ID->[{}], PATH->[{}]",guiTexture.ID(),guiTexture.TexturePath());
         List<GuiTexture> guiTextures = new ArrayList<>();
         guiTextures.add(guiTexture);
 
-        scene.GetLightingManager().GetAmbientLightColour().set(0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f);
-        scene.GetLightingManager().SetAmbientLightIntensity(0.01f);
+        scene.GetLightingManager().GetAmbientLightColour().set(1.0f, 0.9f, 0.75f);
+        scene.GetLightingManager().SetAmbientLightIntensity(1.5f);
 
-        SkyLight = new Light(new Vector3f(0.25f, 1.0f, 1.5f),new Vector3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f), true, 0.70f);
+        SkyLight = new Light(new Vector3f(1.5f, 1.20f, 1.0f),new Vector3f(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f), true, 10.00f);
 
 
         List<ILight> lights = new ArrayList<>();
         //lights.add(new Light(new Vector3f(2.9f,2.75f,1.5f),new Vector3f(0.35f,2.69f,-2.11f),false,3.0f));
         //lights.add(new Light(new Vector3f(3.0f,2.5f,0.75f),new Vector3f(2.65f,1.57f,-3.31f),false,0.5f));
 
-        lights.add(new Light(new Vector3f(1.9f + (float)Math.random(),1.5f,1.0f),new Vector3f(-433, 445f, -424f),false,300000.0f+ (float)(Math.random() * 10000.0)));
+        /*lights.add(new Light(new Vector3f(1.9f + (float)Math.random(),1.5f,1.0f),new Vector3f(-433, 445f, -424f),false,300000.0f+ (float)(Math.random() * 10000.0)));
         lights.add(new Light(new Vector3f(1.9f+ (float)Math.random(),1.5f,1.0f),new Vector3f(-210, 445f, 460f),false,70000.0f + (float)(Math.random() * 15000.0f)));
         lights.add(new Light(new Vector3f(1.9f+ (float)Math.random(),1.5f,1.0f),new Vector3f(-966, 445f, 204f),false,70000.0f + (float)(Math.random() * 15000.0f)));
         lights.add(new Light(new Vector3f(1.9f+ (float)Math.random(),1.5f,1.0f),new Vector3f(-176, 445f, 1000f),false,70000.0f + (float)(Math.random() * 15000.0f)));
@@ -160,9 +160,10 @@ public class GameCore implements GameLogic {
 
 
         lights.add(new Light(new Vector3f(0.75f,2.0f,0.75f),new Vector3f(1086, 425, -3375),false,50000.0f));
+        */
 
-        //lights.add(new Light(new Vector3f(3.0f,2.75f,0.0f),new Vector3f(35.0f, 150.0f, -42.0f),false,100.0f));
-        //lights.add(new Light(new Vector3f(0.0f,3.0f,0.0f),new Vector3f(40.0f, 155.0f, -35.0f),false,20.0f));
+        lights.add(new Light(new Vector3f(3.0f,2.75f,0.0f),new Vector3f(35.0f, 150.0f, -42.0f),false,100.0f));
+        lights.add(new Light(new Vector3f(0.0f,3.0f,0.0f),new Vector3f(40.0f, 155.0f, -35.0f),false,20.0f));
         lights.add(SkyLight);
 
         ILight[] lightArr = new ILight[lights.size()];

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Main/Scene/GUIs/PerformanceOverlay.java

@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@ package net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.Scene.GUIs;
 
 import imgui.ImGui;
 import imgui.flag.ImGuiCond;
+import imgui.flag.ImGuiInputTextFlags;
 import imgui.flag.ImGuiWindowFlags;
+import imgui.type.ImFloat;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.EngineConfig;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.EngineInstance;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.GameCore;
@@ -15,6 +17,7 @@ import org.joml.Vector3f;
 import org.tinylog.Logger;
 
 public class PerformanceOverlay implements GUIOverlay {
+    private final ImFloat GammaValue = new ImFloat(0.8545f);
     @Override
     public void RenderGUI(EngineInstance engineInstance, long frameTimeNS, GameCore parent) {
         int windowFlags = ImGuiWindowFlags.NoDecoration
@@ -139,6 +142,10 @@ public class PerformanceOverlay implements GUIOverlay {
             EngineConfig.getInstance().SetAlphaToCoverage(true);
             PrimaryRuntime.GetRenderThread().GetRenderer().GetSceneRender().RebuildPipelines(PrimaryRuntime.GetRenderThread().GetRenderer().GetVulkanContext());
         }
+        ImGui.inputFloat("Gamma", GammaValue, 0.0025f, 0.22725f, "%.4f");
+        if (ImGui.isItemDeactivatedAfterEdit()) {
+           // EngineConfig.getInstance().Gamma = GammaValue.get();
+        }
         ImGui.separator();
         ImGui.text("Level Tools:");
         if(ImGui.button("Spawn Radio")){

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Main/Scene/IScene.java

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.Scene;
 
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.EngineInstance;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.Rendering.SkyBox;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.GameCore;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Projection.Project3D;
 
@@ -31,4 +32,6 @@ public interface IScene {
     public String GetActiveCameraFrame();
     public void SetUpAudio(EngineInstance engineInstance);
     public ISceneLightingManager GetLightingManager();
+    public SkyBox GetSkyBox();
+    public void SetSkyBox(SkyBox skyBox);
 }

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Main/Scene/Scene.java

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Input.KeyboardInput;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Input.MouseListener;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.EngineConfig;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.EngineInstance;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.Rendering.SkyBox;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.GameCore;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.Scene.GUIs.PerformanceOverlay;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Projection.Project3D;
@@ -38,10 +39,17 @@ public class Scene implements IScene {
     public float CurrentTransitionTick = 0;
     private Vector2f LastMousePos = new Vector2f(0,0);
     private final ISceneLightingManager lightingManager;
+    private SkyBox skyBox;
 
     public List<String> ActiveGUIs = new ArrayList<>();
     public Map<String, GUIOverlay> GUIReg = new HashMap<>();
 
+    public void SetSkyBox(SkyBox skyBox){
+        this.skyBox = skyBox;
+    }
+
+    public SkyBox GetSkyBox(){return skyBox;}
+
     public Scene(Window window) {
         lightingManager = new SceneLightingManager(1000,new Vector3f(1f,1f,1f), 0.5f);
         Actors = new ArrayList<>();

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Main/Scene/SceneLightingManager.java

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
 
 public class SceneLightingManager implements ISceneLightingManager {
+    public static int SHADOW_MAP_CASCADE_COUNT = 10;
     public static int MaxLights;
     private Vector3f AmbientLightingColour;
     private float AmbientLightIntensity;

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Threads/RenderThread.java

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ public class RenderThread extends EngineThread {
     private Render render;
     private Window window;
     private final InitData initData;
+    public static int VulkanCrashCount = 0;
 
     public RenderThread(Window window, EngineInstance engineInstance, InitData initData, GameLogic appLogic) {
         //this.window = window;
@@ -24,6 +25,17 @@ public class RenderThread extends EngineThread {
         render.Initialise(initData);
     }
 
+    public void RestartCrashedRenderer(){
+        if(VulkanCrashCount < EngineConfig.getInstance().GetMaxVulkanCrashes()){
+            RefreshRenderer();
+            VulkanCrashCount++;
+        }else{
+            Logger.error("MAX VULKAN CRASHES REACHED, CLOSING SOFTWARE");
+            PrimaryRuntime.GetEngineInstance().window().setShouldClose();
+            PrimaryRuntime.CloseRuntime();
+        }
+    }
+
     public Render GetRenderer(){return render;}
 
     @Override
@@ -40,6 +52,7 @@ public class RenderThread extends EngineThread {
     }
 
     public void RefreshRenderer(){
+        Logger.debug("REFRESHING RENDERER");
         render.cleanup();
         render = new Render(PrimaryRuntime.GetEngineInstance());
         render.Initialise(initData);

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/GUI/GuiRenderer.java

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ public class GuiRenderer {
             var guiTexture = GuiTextures.get(i);
             String descriptorID = guiTexture.TexturePath();
             DescriptorSet descriptorSet = descriptorAllocator.AddDescriptorSets(device, descriptorID, 1, TextDescriptorSetLayout)[0];
-            Texture texture = textureCache.GetTexture(guiTexture.TexturePath());
+            ITexture texture = textureCache.GetTexture(guiTexture.TexturePath());
             descriptorSet.SetImage(device,texture.GetImageView(),FontsTextureSampler,TextDescriptorSetLayout.GetLayoutInfo().Binding());
             //Logger.debug("TEXTURE ID -> [{}] DESCRIPTOR SET -> [{}] TEXTURE -> [{}] IMAGE PATH -> [{}] TEXTURE SAMPLER ->[{}]",guiTexture.ID(),descriptorSet.GetVkDescriptorSet(),texture,guiTexture.TexturePath(),FontsTextureSampler);
             GuiTexturesMap.put(guiTexture.ID(),descriptorSet.GetVkDescriptorSet());

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/DeferredRendering/MultiRenderTargetAttachments.java

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import static org.lwjgl.vulkan.VK10.VK_IMAGE_USAGE_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
 
 public class MultiRenderTargetAttachments {
     public static final int ALBEDO_FORMAT = VK_FORMAT_R16G16B16A16_SFLOAT;
-    public static final int DEPTH_FORMAT = VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT_S8_UINT;
+    public static final int DEPTH_FORMAT = VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT;
     public static final int NORMAL_FORMAT = VK_FORMAT_R16G16B16A16_SFLOAT;
     public static final int PBR_FORMAT = VK_FORMAT_R16G16B16A16_SFLOAT;
     public static final int POSITION_FORMAT  = VK_FORMAT_R16G16B16A16_SFLOAT;

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/Pipeline/DefaultPipeline.java

@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@ public class DefaultPipeline implements Pipeline {
                 ppLayout.put(i, descriptorSetLayouts[i].GetVkDescriptorLayout());
             }
 
+            Logger.debug("registered Descriptor sets");
 
             int[] ColourFormats = BuildInfo.GetColourFormat();
             int ColourFormatCount = ColourFormats.length;
@@ -135,6 +136,8 @@ public class DefaultPipeline implements Pipeline {
                     .colorAttachmentCount(ColourFormatCount)
                     .pColorAttachmentFormats(ColourFormatsBuffer);
 
+            Logger.debug("created render info");
+
             if(DepthStencil != null){RendererCreateInfo.depthAttachmentFormat(BuildInfo.GetDepthFormat());}
 
             VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState.Buffer BlendAttributeState = VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState.calloc(ColourFormatCount,MemStack);
@@ -146,10 +149,11 @@ public class DefaultPipeline implements Pipeline {
                             .alphaBlendOp(VK_BLEND_OP_ADD)
                             .srcColorBlendFactor(VK_BLEND_FACTOR_SRC_ALPHA)
                             .dstColorBlendFactor(VK_BLEND_FACTOR_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA)
-                            .srcAlphaBlendFactor(BuildInfo.GetBlendingMethod() == 0 ? VK_BLEND_FACTOR_ONE : VK_BLEND_FACTOR_SRC_ALPHA)
+                            .srcAlphaBlendFactor(BuildInfo.GetBlendingMethod() == 0 || BuildInfo.GetBlendingMethod() == 2 ? VK_BLEND_FACTOR_ONE : VK_BLEND_FACTOR_SRC_ALPHA)
                             .dstAlphaBlendFactor(BuildInfo.GetBlendingMethod() == 0 ? VK_BLEND_FACTOR_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA : VK_BLEND_FACTOR_ZERO);
                 }
             }
+            Logger.debug("created BlendAttributeStates");
 
             var ColourBlendState = VkPipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo.calloc(MemStack)
                     .sType$Default()
@@ -157,17 +161,44 @@ public class DefaultPipeline implements Pipeline {
 
             var PipelineLayoutCreateInfoPtr = VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo.calloc(MemStack)
                     .sType$Default()
-                    .pSetLayouts(ppLayout)
-                    .pPushConstantRanges(VkPushConstRangeBuffer);
+                    .pSetLayouts(ppLayout);
+                    //.pPushConstantRanges(VkPushConstRangeBuffer);
+
+            if (PushConstCount > 0 && VkPushConstRangeBuffer != null) {
+                PipelineLayoutCreateInfoPtr.pPushConstantRanges(VkPushConstRangeBuffer);
+            } else {
+                PipelineLayoutCreateInfoPtr.pPushConstantRanges(null);
+            }
+
+
 
             VulkanUtils.vkCheck(vkCreatePipelineLayout(device.FetchVulkanDevice(), PipelineLayoutCreateInfoPtr,null,longPtr)
                     ,"Unable to create new pipeline layout");
             VulkanPipelineLayout = longPtr.get(0);
+            Logger.debug("created PipelineLayout");
+
+            VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo vertexInputState;
+            var originalInputState = BuildInfo.GetVertexInputStateCreateInfo();
+
+            if (originalInputState != null) {
+                vertexInputState = VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo.calloc(MemStack)
+                        .sType(VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VERTEX_INPUT_STATE_CREATE_INFO)
+                        .pVertexBindingDescriptions(originalInputState.pVertexBindingDescriptions())
+                        .pVertexAttributeDescriptions(originalInputState.pVertexAttributeDescriptions());
+            } else {
+                // Fix for your cut-off block: Instantiate an explicit, empty state configuration structure
+                vertexInputState = VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo.calloc(MemStack)
+                        .sType(VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VERTEX_INPUT_STATE_CREATE_INFO)
+                        .pVertexBindingDescriptions(null)
+                        .pVertexAttributeDescriptions(null);
+            }
+
+            Logger.debug("created vertexInputState");
 
             var PipelineCreateInfo = VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo.calloc(1,MemStack)
                     .sType$Default()
                     .pStages(ShaderStages)
-                    .pVertexInputState(BuildInfo.GetVertexInputStateCreateInfo())
+                    .pVertexInputState(vertexInputState)
                     .pInputAssemblyState(AssemblyStateCreateInfo)
                     .pViewportState(ViewportCreateStateInfo)
                     .pRasterizationState(RasterizationStateCreateInfo)
@@ -177,12 +208,14 @@ public class DefaultPipeline implements Pipeline {
                     .layout(VulkanPipelineLayout)
                     .pNext(RendererCreateInfo);
 
+            Logger.debug("created PipelineCreateInfo");
 
             if(DepthStencil != null){PipelineCreateInfo.pDepthStencilState(DepthStencil);}
 
             VulkanUtils.vkCheck(vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(device.FetchVulkanDevice(),
                     VkCtx.GetVkPipelineCache().GetVkPipelineCache(), PipelineCreateInfo,
                     null, longPtr),"Could not create new pipeline");
+            Logger.debug("created GraphicsPipeline");
             VulkanPipeline = longPtr.get(0);
         }
     }

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/Pipeline/Images/Attachment.java

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ public class Attachment {
         }
         if((Usage & VK_IMAGE_USAGE_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_BIT) > 0){
             ImageData.Usage(Usage | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT);
-            AspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT | VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_STENCIL_BIT;
+            AspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT;
             DepthAttachment = true;
         }
         VkImage = new Image(VkCtx, ImageData);

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/Pipeline/Images/CubeMapTexture.java

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+package net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Images;
+
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.Rendering.VulkanContext;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.GraphUtils;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Structure.DeviceLayers.CommandBuffer;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Structure.DisplayToScreen.ImageView;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Util.VulkanBuffer;
+import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryStack;
+import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
+import org.lwjgl.vulkan.*;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.LongBuffer;
+
+import static org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil.memByteBuffer;
+import static org.lwjgl.util.vma.Vma.VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_HOST_ACCESS_SEQUENTIAL_WRITE_BIT;
+import static org.lwjgl.util.vma.Vma.VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO;
+import static org.lwjgl.vulkan.VK10.*;
+import static org.lwjgl.vulkan.VK13.vkCmdPipelineBarrier2;
+
+public class CubeMapTexture implements ITexture{
+    private final String id;
+    private final int Height;
+    private final int Width;
+    private final Image  image;
+    private final ImageView imageView;
+    private boolean RecordedTransition;
+    private VulkanBuffer stgBuffer;
+    private final long layerSize;
+
+    public CubeMapTexture(VulkanContext vkCtx, String id, String[] facePaths, int format) throws IOException {
+        this.id = id;
+
+        ImageSrc firstFace = GraphUtils.LoadImage(facePaths[0]);
+         Width = firstFace.Width();
+        Height = firstFace.Height();
+        this.layerSize = (long) Width * Height * 4;
+        long totalBufferSize = layerSize * 6;
+        GraphUtils.CleanImageData(firstFace);
+
+        this.stgBuffer = new VulkanBuffer(vkCtx, totalBufferSize, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT,
+                0, 0, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT);
+
+        long mappedAddress = stgBuffer.MapMemory(vkCtx);
+        ByteBuffer byteBuffer = memByteBuffer(mappedAddress, (int) totalBufferSize);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
+            ImageSrc currentFace = GraphUtils.LoadImage(facePaths[i]);
+            ByteBuffer pixelData = currentFace.data();
+
+            ByteBuffer targetSlice = byteBuffer.duplicate();
+            targetSlice.position((int) (i * layerSize));
+            targetSlice.limit((int) ((i + 1) * layerSize));
+
+            targetSlice.put(pixelData);
+
+            GraphUtils.CleanImageData(currentFace);
+
+        }
+
+        CreateStgBuffer(vkCtx, byteBuffer);
+        stgBuffer.UnMapMemory(vkCtx);
+        var ImageData = new Image.ImageData().Width(Width).Height(Height)
+                .Usage(VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT)
+                .Format(format).MipMapLevels(1).ArrayLayers(6).Flags(VK_IMAGE_CREATE_CUBE_COMPATIBLE_BIT);
+        image = new Image(vkCtx, ImageData);
+        var ImageViewData = new ImageView.ImageViewData().Format(image.GetFormat())
+                .AspectMask(VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT).MipLevels(1).LayerCount(6).ViewType(VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_CUBE);
+        imageView = new ImageView(vkCtx.GetDevice(), image.getVulkanImage(), ImageViewData, false);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean HasTransparency() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void SetTransparency(ByteBuffer data) {
+
+    }
+
+    public void CreateStgBuffer(VulkanContext VkCtx, ByteBuffer data){
+        int Size = data.remaining();
+        stgBuffer = new VulkanBuffer(VkCtx, Size, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT, VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO,
+                VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_HOST_ACCESS_SEQUENTIAL_WRITE_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT);
+        long MappedMemory = stgBuffer.MapMemory(VkCtx);
+        ByteBuffer buffer = memByteBuffer(MappedMemory, (int) stgBuffer.GetRequestedSize());
+        buffer.put(data);
+        data.flip();
+        stgBuffer.UnMapMemory(VkCtx);
+    }
+    private void RecordImageTransition(MemoryStack stack, CommandBuffer cmd) {
+        var imageBarrier = VkImageMemoryBarrier2.calloc(1, stack)
+                .sType$Default()
+                .oldLayout(VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED)
+                .newLayout(VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL)
+                .srcStageMask(VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT)
+                .dstStageMask(VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT)
+                .srcAccessMask(0)
+                .dstAccessMask(VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT)
+                .subresourceRange(it -> it
+                        .aspectMask(VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT)
+                        .baseMipLevel(0)
+                        .levelCount(image.GetMipLevels())
+                        .baseArrayLayer(0)
+                        .layerCount(1))
+                .image(image.getVulkanImage());
+
+        VkDependencyInfo depInfo = VkDependencyInfo.calloc(stack)
+                .sType$Default()
+                .pImageMemoryBarriers(imageBarrier);
+
+        vkCmdPipelineBarrier2(cmd.GetVulkanCommandBuffer(), depInfo);
+    }
+
+    public void RecordTextureTransition(CommandBuffer commandBuffer){
+        if(stgBuffer != null && !RecordedTransition){
+            RecordedTransition = true;
+            try(var MemStack = MemoryStack.stackPush()){
+                RecordImageTransition(MemStack, commandBuffer);
+                RecordCopyBuffer(MemStack, commandBuffer, stgBuffer);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void RecordCopyBuffer(MemoryStack MemStack, CommandBuffer commandBuffer, VulkanBuffer bufferData){
+        VkBufferImageCopy.Buffer copyRegions = VkBufferImageCopy.calloc(6, MemStack);
+        for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
+            int BaseLayer = i;
+            copyRegions.get(i).bufferOffset(i * layerSize)
+                    .bufferRowLength(0)
+                    .bufferImageHeight(0)
+                    .imageSubresource(it ->
+                            it.aspectMask(VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT)
+                                    .mipLevel(0)
+                                    .baseArrayLayer(BaseLayer)
+                                    .layerCount(1)
+                    ).imageOffset(it -> it.x(0).y(0).z(0))
+                    .imageExtent().set(Width, Height, 1);
+        }
+        vkCmdCopyBufferToImage(commandBuffer.GetVulkanCommandBuffer(), bufferData.GetBuffer(), image.getVulkanImage(),
+                VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, copyRegions);
+    }
+
+    public void CleanUp(VulkanContext VkCtx){
+        CleanUpStgBuffer(VkCtx);
+        imageView.cleanup(VkCtx.GetDevice());
+        image.CleanUp(VkCtx);
+    }
+
+    public void CleanUpStgBuffer(VulkanContext VkCtx){
+        if(stgBuffer != null){
+            stgBuffer.cleanup(VkCtx);
+            stgBuffer = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int GetHeight(){return Height;}
+    public int GetWidth(){return Width;}
+    public String GetID(){return id;}
+    public ImageView GetImageView(){return imageView;}
+
+    @Override
+    public TextureType getType() {
+        return TextureType.CubeMap;
+    }
+
+}

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/Pipeline/Images/ITexture.java

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+package net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Images;
+
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.Rendering.VulkanContext;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Structure.DeviceLayers.CommandBuffer;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Structure.DisplayToScreen.ImageView;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+
+public interface ITexture {
+    public enum TextureType{
+        FlatImage,
+        CubeMap
+    }
+    public boolean HasTransparency();
+    public void SetTransparency(ByteBuffer data);
+    public void CreateStgBuffer(VulkanContext VkCtx, ByteBuffer data);
+    public void RecordTextureTransition(CommandBuffer commandBuffer);
+    public void CleanUp(VulkanContext VkCtx);
+    public void CleanUpStgBuffer(VulkanContext VkCtx);
+    public int GetHeight();
+    public int GetWidth();
+    public String GetID();
+    public ImageView GetImageView();
+    public TextureType getType();
+}

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/Pipeline/Images/Image.java

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ public class Image {
                             .height(imageData.Height)
                             .depth(1))
                     .mipLevels(MipLevels)
+                    .flags(imageData.Flag)
                     .arrayLayers(imageData.ArrayLayers)
                     .samples(imageData.SampleCount)
                     .initialLayout(VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED)
@@ -83,18 +84,24 @@ public class Image {
         private int MipMapLevels;
         private int SampleCount;
         private int Usage;
+        private int Flag;
 
         public ImageData(){
             Format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB;
             MipMapLevels = 1;
             SampleCount = 1;
             ArrayLayers = 1;
+            Flag = 0;
             MemoryUsage = VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_DEDICATED_MEMORY_BIT;
         }
         public ImageData MemoryUsage(int memoryUsage){
             this.MemoryUsage = memoryUsage;
             return this;
         }
+        public ImageData Flags(int flag){
+            this.Flag = flag;
+            return this;
+        }
         public ImageData ArrayLayers(int ArrayLayers){
             this.ArrayLayers = ArrayLayers;
             return this;

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/Pipeline/Images/Texture.java

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import static org.lwjgl.vulkan.VK10.*;
 import static org.lwjgl.vulkan.VK13.VK_ACCESS_2_NONE;
 import static org.lwjgl.vulkan.VK13.vkCmdPipelineBarrier2;
 
-public class Texture {
+public class Texture implements ITexture {
 
     private final String ID;
     private final int Height;
@@ -212,4 +212,8 @@ public class Texture {
     public int GetWidth(){return Width;}
     public String GetID(){return ID;}
     public ImageView GetImageView(){return imageView;}
+    @Override
+    public TextureType getType() {
+        return TextureType.FlatImage;
+    }
 }

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/Pipeline/Images/TextureCache.java

@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ import java.util.UUID;
 import static org.lwjgl.vulkan.VK10.VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB;
 
 public class TextureCache {
-    public static final int MAX_TEXTURES = 512;
-    private final IndexedLinkedHashMap<String, Texture> TextureMap;
+    public static final int MAX_TEXTURES = 128;
+    private final IndexedLinkedHashMap<String, ITexture> TextureMap;
     private final List<String> ActualTextures;
 
     public TextureCache(){
@@ -27,14 +27,28 @@ public class TextureCache {
         ActualTextures = new ArrayList<>();
     }
 
-    public Texture AddTexture(VulkanContext VkCtx, String ID, ImageSrc imageSrc, int Format) {
+    public ITexture AddCubeMapTexture(VulkanContext VkCtx, String ID, String[] FacePaths, int Format) {
+        ITexture cubemap = TextureMap.get(ID);
+        if (cubemap == null) {
+            try {
+                cubemap = new CubeMapTexture(VkCtx, ID, FacePaths, Format);
+                TextureMap.put(ID, cubemap);
+                ActualTextures.add(ID);
+            } catch (IOException exception) {
+                Logger.error("Could not load cubemap texture faces, exception: {}", exception.getMessage());
+            }
+        }
+        return cubemap;
+    }
+
+    public ITexture AddTexture(VulkanContext VkCtx, String ID, ImageSrc imageSrc, int Format) {
         return AddTexture(VkCtx,ID,imageSrc,Format,false);
     }
-    public Texture AddTexture(VulkanContext VkCtx, String ID, ImageSrc imageSrc, int Format, boolean PaddingTexture){
+    public ITexture AddTexture(VulkanContext VkCtx, String ID, ImageSrc imageSrc, int Format, boolean PaddingTexture){
         if(TextureMap.size() > MAX_TEXTURES){
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Texture Cache Is Full");
         }
-        Texture newTexture = TextureMap.get(ID);
+        ITexture newTexture = TextureMap.get(ID);
         if(newTexture == null){
             newTexture = new Texture(VkCtx, ID, imageSrc, Format);
             if(!PaddingTexture)ActualTextures.add(ID);
@@ -42,12 +56,12 @@ public class TextureCache {
         }
         return newTexture;
     }
-    public Texture AddTexture(VulkanContext VkCtx, String ID, String TexturePath, int Format) {
+    public ITexture AddTexture(VulkanContext VkCtx, String ID, String TexturePath, int Format) {
         return AddTexture(VkCtx,ID,TexturePath,Format,false);
     }
-    public Texture AddTexture(VulkanContext VkCtx, String ID, String TexturePath, int Format, boolean PaddingTexture) {
+    public ITexture AddTexture(VulkanContext VkCtx, String ID, String TexturePath, int Format, boolean PaddingTexture) {
         ImageSrc imageSrc = null;
-        Texture result = null;
+        ITexture result = null;
         try{
             imageSrc = GraphUtils.LoadImage(TexturePath);
             result = AddTexture(VkCtx, ID, imageSrc, Format,PaddingTexture);
@@ -63,7 +77,7 @@ public class TextureCache {
 
     public void TransitionTexts(VulkanContext VkCtx, CommandPool CmdPool, Queue queue){
         Logger.debug("Recording Texture Transition");
-        IndexedLinkedHashMap<String, Texture> NewTextureMap = new IndexedLinkedHashMap<>();
+        IndexedLinkedHashMap<String, ITexture> NewTextureMap = new IndexedLinkedHashMap<>();
         TextureMap.forEach((name,texture)->{
             if(ActualTextures.contains(name)){
                 NewTextureMap.put(name,texture);
@@ -89,12 +103,12 @@ public class TextureCache {
         TextureMap.forEach((key,value)->value.CleanUpStgBuffer(VkCtx));
         Logger.debug("Recorded Texture Transition");
     }
-    public Texture GetTexture(String TexturePath){
+    public ITexture GetTexture(String TexturePath){
         Logger.debug("Fetching Texture -> [{}]",TexturePath.trim());
         return TextureMap.get(TexturePath.trim());
     }
-    public IndexedLinkedHashMap<String, Texture> GetTextureCache(){return TextureMap;}
-    public List<Texture> GetTextureList(){return new ArrayList<>(TextureMap.values());}
+    public IndexedLinkedHashMap<String, ITexture> GetTextureCache(){return TextureMap;}
+    public List<ITexture> GetTextureList(){return new ArrayList<>(TextureMap.values());}
     public int GetPosition(String ID){
         int result = -1;
         if(ID != null){

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/PostProcessing/PostProcess.java

@@ -71,7 +71,6 @@ public class PostProcess {
 
         specConstants = new SpecializationConstants();
         ShaderModule[] shaderModules = CreateShaderModules(VkCtx, specConstants);
-
         pipeline = CreatePipeline(VkCtx, shaderModules, new DescriptorSetLayout[]{AttachmentDescriptorSetLayout, FragmentUniformDescriptorSetLayout});
         Arrays.asList(shaderModules).forEach(shader->shader.CleanUp(VkCtx));
         Logger.debug("Post Process Renderer Pipeline -> [{}]",pipeline.GetVulkanPipeline());
@@ -137,6 +136,7 @@ public class PostProcess {
                 new ShaderModule(VkCtx,VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT,VERTEX_SHADER_FILE_SPV,null),
                 new ShaderModule(VkCtx,VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT,ShaderPath,specConstants.GetSpecializationInfo())
         };
+
     }
 
     public void Render(VulkanContext VkCtx, CommandBuffer commandBuffer, Attachment SrcAttachment){

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/Shader/DescriptorSet.java

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import org.lwjgl.vulkan.VkDescriptorBufferInfo;
 import org.lwjgl.vulkan.VkDescriptorImageInfo;
 import org.lwjgl.vulkan.VkDescriptorSetAllocateInfo;
 import org.lwjgl.vulkan.VkWriteDescriptorSet;
+import org.tinylog.Logger;
 
 import java.nio.LongBuffer;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
@@ -58,11 +59,24 @@ public class DescriptorSet {
         SetImages(device, imageViews, textureSampler, BaseBinding);
     }
     public void SetImages(Device device, List<ImageView> imageViews, TextureSampler textureSampler, int BaseBinding){
+        if(textureSampler == null || textureSampler.GetVkSampler() == VK_NULL_HANDLE){
+            Logger.error("Null texture sampler during Set Images function");
+            throw new RuntimeException("yo this texture sampler ain't present");
+        }
+
         try(var MemStack = MemoryStack.stackPush()){
             int ImageCount = imageViews.size();
             var DescriptorBuffer = VkWriteDescriptorSet.calloc(ImageCount,MemStack);
             for(int i = 0; i < ImageCount; i++){
                 ImageView imageView = imageViews.get(i);
+                if(imageView == null || imageView.GetVulkanImageView() == VK_NULL_HANDLE){
+                    Logger.error("Null Image View or Image View Handle during Set Images function");
+                    throw new RuntimeException("yo this ImageView ain't present");
+                }
+                if(imageView.GetVulkanImage() == VK_NULL_HANDLE){
+                    Logger.error("Null Image Handle during Set Images function");
+                    throw new RuntimeException("yo this Image ain't present");
+                }
                 var ImageInfo = VkDescriptorImageInfo.calloc(1,MemStack)
                         .imageView(imageView.GetVulkanImageView())
                         .sampler(textureSampler.GetVkSampler());

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/Shadows/CascadeData.java

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Shadows;
+
+import org.joml.Matrix4f;
+
+public class CascadeData {
+    private final Matrix4f ProjectionViewMatrix;
+    private float SplitDistance;
+
+    public CascadeData(){
+        ProjectionViewMatrix = new Matrix4f();
+    }
+
+    public Matrix4f GetProjectionViewMatrix(){return ProjectionViewMatrix;}
+    public float GetSplitDistance(){return SplitDistance;}
+    public void SetProjectionViewMatrix(Matrix4f ProjViewMat){
+        this.ProjectionViewMatrix.set(ProjViewMat);
+    }
+    public void SetSplitDistance(float splitDistance){
+        this.SplitDistance = splitDistance;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/Shadows/CascadeShadows.java

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Shadows;
+
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.Scene.SceneLightingManager;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class CascadeShadows {
+    private final List<CascadeData> cascadeDataList;
+
+    public CascadeShadows(){
+        this.cascadeDataList = new ArrayList<>();
+        for(int i = 0; i < SceneLightingManager.SHADOW_MAP_CASCADE_COUNT; i++){
+            cascadeDataList.add(new CascadeData());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public List<CascadeData> GetCascadeData(){return cascadeDataList;}
+}

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/Shadows/ShadowRenderer.java

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Shadows;
+
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Util.VulkanUtils;
+
+import static org.lwjgl.vulkan.VK10.VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT;
+import static org.lwjgl.vulkan.VK10.VK_FORMAT_R32G32_SFLOAT;
+
+public class ShadowRenderer {
+    public static final int DEPTH_FORMAT = VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT;
+    private static final int ATTACHMENT_FORMATT = VK_FORMAT_R32G32_SFLOAT;
+    private static final String DESCRIPTOR_ID_MAT = "SHADOW_DESC_ID_MAT";
+    private static final String DESCRIPTOR_ID_PRJ = "SHADOW_DESC_ID_PRJ";
+    private static final String DESCRIPTOR_ID_TEXT = "SHADOW_SCN_DESC_ID_TEXT";
+    private static final String FRAGMENT_SHADER_FILE_GLSL = "resources/EngineResources/shaders/shadow_frag.glsl";
+    private static final String FRAGMENT_SHADER_FILE_SPV = FRAGMENT_SHADER_FILE_GLSL + ".spv";
+    private static final int PUSH_CONSTANTS_SIZE = VulkanUtils.MATRIX4X4_SIZE + VulkanUtils.INT_SIZE;
+    private static final String SHADOW_GEOMETRY_SHADER_FILE_GLSL = "resources/EngineResources/shaders/shadow_geometry.glsl";
+    private static final String SHADOW_GEOMETRY_SHADER_FILE_SPV = SHADOW_GEOMETRY_SHADER_FILE_GLSL + ".spv";
+    private static final String VERTEX_SHADER_FILE_GLSL = "resources/EngineResources/shaders/shadow_vertex.glsl";
+    private static final String VERTEX_SHADER_FILE_SPV = VERTEX_SHADER_FILE_GLSL + ".spv";
+
+}

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/Shadows/ShadowUtils.java

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+package net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Shadows;
+
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.EngineConfig;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.Scene.Camera;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.Scene.ILight;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.Scene.IScene;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.Scene.SceneLightingManager;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Projection.Project3D;
+import org.joml.Matrix4f;
+import org.joml.Vector3f;
+import org.joml.Vector4f;
+
+import javax.swing.text.View;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class ShadowUtils {
+
+    private static final float LAMBDA = 0.95f;
+    private static final Vector3f Up = new Vector3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
+    private static final Vector3f UpAlt = new Vector3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);
+
+    private ShadowUtils(){
+
+    }
+
+    public static void UpdateCascadeShadows(CascadeShadows shadows, IScene scene){
+        Camera camera = scene.GetCamera();
+        Matrix4f ViewMatrix = camera.GetViewMatrix();
+        Project3D projection = scene.GetProjection();
+        Matrix4f ProjectionMatrix = projection.GetProjectionMatrix();
+        ILight[] lights = scene.GetLightingManager().GetLights();
+        int LightCount = lights.length;
+        ILight SkyLight = null;
+        for(int i = 0; i < LightCount; i++){
+            if(lights[i].IsDirectional()){
+                SkyLight = lights[i];
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if(SkyLight == null){
+            throw new RuntimeException("No SkyLight on scene");
+        }
+        Vector4f LightPosition = new Vector4f(SkyLight.GetPosition(),0.0f);
+        float[] CascadeSplits = new float[SceneLightingManager.SHADOW_MAP_CASCADE_COUNT];
+        float NearClip = Math.min(projection.GetNearZ(), projection.GetFarZ());
+        float FarClip = Math.max(projection.GetNearZ(), projection.GetFarZ());
+        float ClipRange = FarClip - NearClip;
+
+        float MinZ = NearClip;
+        float MaxZ = NearClip + ClipRange;
+
+        float Range = MaxZ - MinZ;
+        float Ratio = MaxZ/MinZ;
+
+        List<CascadeData> cascadeDataList = shadows.GetCascadeData();
+        int CascadeCount = cascadeDataList.size();
+
+        for(int i = 0; i < CascadeCount; i++){
+            float p = (i + 1) / (float) (SceneLightingManager.SHADOW_MAP_CASCADE_COUNT);
+            float Log = (float) (MinZ * Math.pow(Ratio, p));
+            float Uniform = MinZ + Range * p;
+            float d = LAMBDA * (Log - Uniform) + Uniform;
+            CascadeSplits[i] = (d - NearClip) / ClipRange;
+        }
+
+        float LastSplitDist = 0.0f;
+        for(int i = 0; i < CascadeCount; i++){
+            float SplitDist = CascadeSplits[i];
+
+            Vector3f[] FustrumCorners = new Vector3f[]{
+                    new Vector3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f),
+                    new Vector3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f),
+                    new Vector3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f),
+                    new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f),
+                    new Vector3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f),
+                    new Vector3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f),
+                    new Vector3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f),
+                    new Vector3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f)
+            };
+
+            var InvertedCam = (new Matrix4f(ProjectionMatrix).mul(ViewMatrix)).invert();
+            for(int j = 0; j < 8; j++){
+                Vector4f InvertedCorner = new Vector4f(FustrumCorners[j],1.0f).mul(InvertedCam);
+                FustrumCorners[j] = new Vector3f(InvertedCorner.x,InvertedCorner.y,InvertedCorner.z).div(InvertedCorner.w);
+            }
+
+            for(int j = 0; j < 4; j++){
+                var Distance = new Vector3f(FustrumCorners[j + 4]).sub(FustrumCorners[j]);
+                FustrumCorners[j + 4] = new Vector3f(FustrumCorners[j]).add(new Vector3f(Distance).mul(SplitDist));
+                FustrumCorners[j] = new Vector3f(FustrumCorners[j]).add(new Vector3f(Distance).mul(LastSplitDist));
+            }
+
+            var FustrumCenter = new Vector3f(0.0f);
+            for(int j = 0; j < 8; j++){
+                FustrumCenter.add(FustrumCorners[j]);
+            }
+            FustrumCenter.div(8);
+
+            var up =  Up;
+            float SphereRadius = 0.0f;
+            for(int j = 0; j < 8; j++){
+                float Distance = new Vector3f(FustrumCorners[j]).sub(FustrumCenter).length();
+                SphereRadius = Math.max(SphereRadius,Distance);
+            }
+            SphereRadius = (float)Math.ceil(SphereRadius * 16.0f) / 16.0f;
+
+            var MaxExtents = new Vector3f(SphereRadius);
+            var MinExtents = new Vector3f(-SphereRadius);
+
+            var LightDirection = new Vector3f(LightPosition.x, LightPosition.y, LightPosition.z);
+            var ShadowCamPosition = new Vector3f(FustrumCenter).add(LightDirection.mul(MinExtents.z));
+
+            float Dot = Math.abs(new Vector3f(LightPosition.x, LightPosition.y, LightPosition.z).dot(up));
+            if(Dot == 1.0f){
+                up = UpAlt;
+            }
+
+            var LightViewMatrix = new Matrix4f().lookAt(ShadowCamPosition,FustrumCenter,up);
+            var LightOrthoMatrix = new Matrix4f().ortho(MinExtents.x,MaxExtents.x,MinExtents.y,MaxExtents.y,0.0f,MaxExtents.z - MinExtents.z,true);
+
+            int ShadowMapSize = EngineConfig.getInstance().GetShadowMapSize();
+            Vector4f ShadowOrigin = new Vector4f(0f,0f,0f,1f);
+            LightViewMatrix.transform(ShadowOrigin);
+            ShadowOrigin.mul(ShadowMapSize/2.0f);
+
+            Vector4f RoundedOrigin = new Vector4f(ShadowOrigin).round();
+            Vector4f RoundOffset = RoundedOrigin.sub(ShadowOrigin);
+            RoundOffset.mul(2.0f/ShadowMapSize);
+            RoundOffset.z = 0.0f;
+            RoundOffset.w = 0.0f;
+
+            LightOrthoMatrix.m30(LightOrthoMatrix.m30() + RoundOffset.x);
+            LightOrthoMatrix.m31(LightOrthoMatrix.m31() + RoundOffset.y);
+            LightOrthoMatrix.m32(LightOrthoMatrix.m32() + RoundOffset.z);
+            LightOrthoMatrix.m33(LightOrthoMatrix.m33() + RoundOffset.w);
+
+            CascadeData cascadeData = cascadeDataList.get(i);
+            cascadeData.SetSplitDistance((NearClip + SplitDist * ClipRange) * -1.0f);
+            cascadeData.SetProjectionViewMatrix(LightOrthoMatrix.mul(LightViewMatrix));
+
+            LastSplitDist = CascadeSplits[i];
+        }
+    }
+}

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/VkModel/MaterialsCache.java

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.VkModel;
 
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.Rendering.VulkanContext;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Images.ITexture;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Images.Texture;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Images.TextureCache;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.IndexedLinkedHashMap;
@@ -56,14 +57,14 @@ public class MaterialsCache {
             boolean TransparentTexture;
             Logger.debug("Material Texture Path -> [{}]",Material.TexturePath());
             if(ValidTexture){
-                Texture newTexture = textureCache.AddTexture(VkCtx, TexturePath, TexturePath, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB);
+                ITexture newTexture = textureCache.AddTexture(VkCtx, TexturePath, TexturePath, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_SRGB);
                 if(newTexture == null) {
                     TransparentTexture = false;
-                    TexturePath = "resources/EngineResources/Texture/DefaultTexture.png";
+                    TexturePath = "resources/EngineResources/Texture/NoTexture.png";
                 }
                 else TransparentTexture = newTexture.HasTransparency();
             } else{
-                TexturePath = "resources/EngineResources/Texture/DefaultTexture.png";
+                TexturePath = "resources/EngineResources/Texture/NoTexture.png";
                 TransparentTexture = Material.DiffuseColour().w < 1.0f;
             }
             VulkanMaterial newMaterial = new VulkanMaterial(Material.ID(),TransparentTexture);

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Rendering/VkModel/ModelsCache.java

@@ -1,18 +1,26 @@
 package net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.VkModel;
 
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.Rendering.VulkanContext;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.PrimaryRuntime;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Shader.DescriptorAllocator;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Shader.DescriptorSet;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Structure.DeviceLayers.CommandBuffer;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Structure.DeviceLayers.CommandPool;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Structure.DeviceLayers.GPUSynchronisation.TransferBuffer;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Structure.DeviceLayers.Queues.Queue;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Structure.DisplayToScreen.DeferredSceneRender;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Util.VulkanBuffer;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Util.VulkanUtils;
+import org.lwjgl.PointerBuffer;
+import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryStack;
 import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
+import org.lwjgl.vulkan.VkCommandBuffer;
 import org.tinylog.Logger;
 
 import java.io.*;
 import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
 import java.nio.IntBuffer;
+import java.nio.LongBuffer;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -28,6 +36,51 @@ public class ModelsCache {
         ModelsMap = new HashMap<>();
     }
 
+    private final java.util.Map<String, Long> SkyboxBuffers = new java.util.HashMap<>();
+
+    public String CreateSkybox(VulkanContext vulkanContext, float[] vertices, String SkyBoxID) {
+        long bufferSize = (long) vertices.length * Float.BYTES; // 36 * 4 bytes = 144 bytes
+
+        VulkanBuffer meshBuffer = VulkanUtils.CreateRawVertexAttrBuffer(vulkanContext, bufferSize);
+
+        long meshBuffPtr = meshBuffer.MapMemory(vulkanContext);
+
+        if (meshBuffPtr == 0 || meshBuffPtr == -1) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("CRITICAL ERROR: meshBuffer.MapMemory() returned an invalid native address pointer: " + meshBuffPtr
+                    + ". Check your underlying vkMapMemory/vmaMapMemory configurations.");
+        }
+
+        try {
+            java.nio.FloatBuffer floatBuffer = org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil.memFloatBuffer(meshBuffPtr, vertices.length);
+            floatBuffer.put(vertices);
+            floatBuffer.flip();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Failed during FloatBuffer array memory payload copy wrapper pass", e);
+        } finally {
+            meshBuffer.UnMapMemory(vulkanContext);
+        }
+
+        this.SkyboxBuffers.put(SkyBoxID, meshBuffer.GetBuffer());
+
+        return SkyBoxID;
+    }
+
+    public void bindAndDrawCubeMesh(VkCommandBuffer commandHandle, String skyboxMeshBufferId) {
+        Long vkBufferHandle = SkyboxBuffers.get(skyboxMeshBufferId);
+        if (vkBufferHandle == null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Skybox mesh buffer ID [" + skyboxMeshBufferId + "] not loaded in ModelsCache!");
+        }
+
+        try (MemoryStack MemStack = MemoryStack.stackPush()) {
+            LongBuffer pBuffers = MemStack.longs(vkBufferHandle);
+            LongBuffer pOffsets = MemStack.longs(0);
+
+            vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(commandHandle, 0, pBuffers, pOffsets);
+
+            vkCmdDraw(commandHandle, 36, 1, 0, 0);
+        }
+    }
+
     public void loadModels(VulkanContext VkCtx, List<ModelData> Models, CommandPool commandPool, Queue queue){
         try {
             List<VulkanBuffer> StagingBufferList = new ArrayList<>();

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Structure/DisplayToScreen/DeferredSceneRender.java

@@ -3,15 +3,11 @@ package net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Structure.DisplayToScreen;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.EngineConfig;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.EngineInstance;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.Rendering.VulkanContext;
-import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.PrimaryRuntime;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.Scene.Actor;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.Scene.IScene;
-import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.Scene.Scene;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.DeferredRendering.MultiRenderTargetAttachments;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.DefaultPipeline;
-import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Images.Attachment;
-import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Images.Texture;
-import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Images.TextureCache;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Images.*;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Pipeline;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.PipelineBuildInfo;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.PushConstantsRange;
@@ -42,12 +38,16 @@ public class DeferredSceneRender implements SceneRenderer {//dynamic rendering
     private static final String DESCRIPTOR_ID_PRJ = "SCN_DESC_ID_PRJ";
     private static final String DESCRIPTOR_ID_TEXT = "SCN_DESC_ID_TEXT";
     private static final String DESCRIPTOR_ID_VIEW = "SCN_DESC_ID_VIEW";
+    private static final String DESCRIPTOR_ID_SKYBOX_VIEW = "SCN_DESC_ID_SKYBOX_VIEW";
+    public static final String DESCRIPTOR_ID_SKYBOX_CUBEMAP = "SCN_DESC_ID_SKYBOX_CUBEMAP";
     private static final int PUSH_CONSTANTS_SIZE = VulkanUtils.MATRIX4X4_SIZE + VulkanUtils.INT_SIZE;
     private final VulkanBuffer BufferProjectionMatrix;
     private final DescriptorSetLayout descriptorLayoutFragStorage;
     private final DescriptorSetLayout descriptorLayoutTexture;
     private final DescriptorSetLayout descriptorLayoutVertexUniform;
+    private DescriptorSet SkyboxDescriptorSet;
     private final TextureSampler textureSampler;
+    public static String SkyBoxID = "SKYBOX_TEXTURE";
 
     public static final int COLOUR_FORMAT = VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_SFLOAT;
     public static final int DEPTH_FORMAT = VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT;
@@ -63,6 +63,11 @@ public class DeferredSceneRender implements SceneRenderer {//dynamic rendering
     public static long CYCLES = 0;
     private static boolean DualPassRendering = false;
 
+    private static final String SKYBOX_FRAGMENT_SHADER_FILE_GLSL = "resources/EngineResources/shaders/skybox_fragment.glsl";
+    private static final String SKYBOX_FRAGMENT_SHADER_FILE_SPV = SKYBOX_FRAGMENT_SHADER_FILE_GLSL + ".spv";
+    private static final String SKYBOX_VERTEX_SHADER_FILE_GLSL = "resources/EngineResources/shaders/skybox_vertex.glsl";
+    private static final String SKYBOX_VERTEX_SHADER_FILE_SPV = SKYBOX_VERTEX_SHADER_FILE_GLSL + ".spv";
+
     private static final String FRAGMENT_SHADER_FILE_GLSL = "resources/EngineResources/shaders/scene_fragment_deferred.glsl";
     private static final String FRAGMENT_TRANSLUCENT_SHADER_FILE_GLSL = "resources/EngineResources/shaders/scene_translucent_fragment_deferred.glsl";
     private static final String FRAGMENT_OPAQUE_SHADER_FILE_GLSL = "resources/EngineResources/shaders/scene_opaque_fragment_deferred.glsl";
@@ -75,12 +80,17 @@ public class DeferredSceneRender implements SceneRenderer {//dynamic rendering
     private Pipeline VkPipeline;
     private Pipeline VkPipelineOpaque;
     private Pipeline VkPipelineTranslucent;
-    private float R = 0.00f;
-    private float G = 0.05f;
-    private float B = 0.15f;
+    private float R = 0.4f;
+    private float G = 0.75f;
+    private float B = 1.0f;
     private Matrix4f ProjectionMatrix;
     private MultiRenderTargetAttachments MRTAttachments;
 
+    private DescriptorSetLayout descriptorLayoutSkyboxTexture;
+    private VulkanBuffer[] BufferSkyboxViewMatrices;
+    private Pipeline VkSkyboxPipeline;
+    private long skyboxMeshBufferId;
+
     public static long GetGPUTimeNS(){
         long time = 0;
         if(CYCLES > 0){
@@ -93,7 +103,7 @@ public class DeferredSceneRender implements SceneRenderer {//dynamic rendering
 
     public DeferredSceneRender(VulkanContext vulkanContext, EngineInstance engineInstance){
         ClearValueColour = VkClearValue.calloc().color(
-                c -> c.float32(0, R).float32(1, G).float32(2, B).float32(3, 0.5f));
+                c -> c.float32(0, 0.0f).float32(1, 0.0f).float32(2, 0.0f).float32(3, 0.0f));
         ClearValueDepth = VkClearValue.calloc().color(c -> c.float32(0, 0.0f));
         MRTAttachments = new MultiRenderTargetAttachments(vulkanContext);
         AttachmentInfoColour = CreateColourAttachmentInfo(MRTAttachments, ClearValueColour);
@@ -120,6 +130,14 @@ public class DeferredSceneRender implements SceneRenderer {//dynamic rendering
         descriptorLayoutTexture = new DescriptorSetLayout(vulkanContext, new DescriptorSetLayout.LayoutInformation(VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER,
                 0, TextureCache.MAX_TEXTURES, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT));
 
+        descriptorLayoutSkyboxTexture = new DescriptorSetLayout(vulkanContext,
+                new DescriptorSetLayout.LayoutInformation(VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER,
+                        0, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT));
+
+        BufferSkyboxViewMatrices = VulkanUtils.CreateHostVisibleBuffers(vulkanContext, VulkanUtils.MATRIX4X4_SIZE, VulkanUtils.MAX_IN_FLIGHT,
+                VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT, DESCRIPTOR_ID_SKYBOX_VIEW, descriptorLayoutVertexUniform);
+
+
         CreatePipelines(vulkanContext);
         Logger.debug("Deferred Renderer Pipeline -> [{}]",VkPipeline.GetVulkanPipeline());
 
@@ -134,13 +152,24 @@ public class DeferredSceneRender implements SceneRenderer {//dynamic rendering
         };
 
         ShaderModule[] shaderModules = DeferredSceneRender.CreateShaderModules(vulkanContext,0);
-        VkPipeline = CreatePipeline(vulkanContext, shaderModules, layouts, true, false,EngineConfig.getInstance().AlphaToCoverage());
+        VkPipeline = CreatePipeline(vulkanContext, shaderModules, layouts, true,true, false,EngineConfig.getInstance().AlphaToCoverage(),0);
         Arrays.asList(shaderModules).forEach(shaderModule -> shaderModule.CleanUp(vulkanContext));
         shaderModules = DeferredSceneRender.CreateShaderModules(vulkanContext,1);
-        VkPipelineOpaque = CreatePipeline(vulkanContext, shaderModules, layouts, true, true,EngineConfig.getInstance().AlphaToCoverage());
+        VkPipelineOpaque = CreatePipeline(vulkanContext, shaderModules, layouts, true,false, true,EngineConfig.getInstance().AlphaToCoverage(),0);
         Arrays.asList(shaderModules).forEach(shaderModule -> shaderModule.CleanUp(vulkanContext));
         shaderModules = DeferredSceneRender.CreateShaderModules(vulkanContext,2);
-        VkPipelineTranslucent = CreatePipeline(vulkanContext, shaderModules, layouts, false, true,EngineConfig.getInstance().AlphaToCoverage());
+        VkPipelineTranslucent = CreatePipeline(vulkanContext, shaderModules, layouts, false, true,true,EngineConfig.getInstance().AlphaToCoverage(),2);
+        Arrays.asList(shaderModules).forEach(shaderModule -> shaderModule.CleanUp(vulkanContext));
+
+        DescriptorSetLayout[] skyboxLayouts = new DescriptorSetLayout[]{
+                descriptorLayoutVertexUniform,
+                descriptorLayoutVertexUniform,
+                descriptorLayoutSkyboxTexture
+        };
+
+        shaderModules = DeferredSceneRender.CreateSkyboxShaderModules(vulkanContext);
+
+        VkSkyboxPipeline = CreateSkyboxPipeline(vulkanContext, shaderModules, skyboxLayouts, false, false, false,false);
         Arrays.asList(shaderModules).forEach(shaderModule -> shaderModule.CleanUp(vulkanContext));
     }
 
@@ -181,6 +210,17 @@ public class DeferredSceneRender implements SceneRenderer {//dynamic rendering
                 .clearValue(clearValue);
     }
 
+    private static ShaderModule[] CreateSkyboxShaderModules(VulkanContext VkCtx){
+        if(EngineConfig.getInstance().RecompileShaders()){
+            ShaderCompiler.CompileGLSLShaderOnChange(SKYBOX_VERTEX_SHADER_FILE_GLSL, Shaderc.shaderc_glsl_vertex_shader);
+            ShaderCompiler.CompileGLSLShaderOnChange( SKYBOX_FRAGMENT_SHADER_FILE_GLSL, Shaderc.shaderc_glsl_fragment_shader);
+        }
+        return new ShaderModule[]{
+                new ShaderModule(VkCtx, VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT, SKYBOX_VERTEX_SHADER_FILE_SPV,null),
+                new ShaderModule(VkCtx, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT,  SKYBOX_FRAGMENT_SHADER_FILE_SPV,null)
+        };
+    }
+
     private static ShaderModule[] CreateShaderModules(VulkanContext VkCtx, int Translucent){
         if(EngineConfig.getInstance().RecompileShaders()){
             ShaderCompiler.CompileGLSLShaderOnChange(VERTEX_SHADER_FILE_GLSL, Shaderc.shaderc_glsl_vertex_shader);
@@ -192,7 +232,47 @@ public class DeferredSceneRender implements SceneRenderer {//dynamic rendering
         };
     }
 
-    private static Pipeline CreatePipeline(VulkanContext VkCtx, ShaderModule[] ShaderModules, DescriptorSetLayout[] DescriptorSetLayouts, boolean DepthWrite, boolean DualRender, boolean AlphaToCoverage){
+    private static Pipeline CreateSkyboxPipeline(VulkanContext VkCtx, ShaderModule[] ShaderModules, DescriptorSetLayout[] DescriptorSetLayouts, boolean DepthWrite, boolean DualRender, boolean Blending, boolean AlphaToCoverage){
+        int[] skyboxFormats = new int[] {
+                MultiRenderTargetAttachments.POSITION_FORMAT,
+                MultiRenderTargetAttachments.ALBEDO_FORMAT,
+                MultiRenderTargetAttachments.NORMAL_FORMAT,
+                MultiRenderTargetAttachments.PBR_FORMAT
+        };
+
+        try (MemoryStack MemStack = MemoryStack.stackPush()) {
+            VkVertexInputBindingDescription.Buffer bindingDescription = VkVertexInputBindingDescription.calloc(1, MemStack)
+                    .binding(0)
+                    .stride(3 * Float.BYTES)
+                    .inputRate(VK_VERTEX_INPUT_RATE_VERTEX);
+
+            VkVertexInputAttributeDescription.Buffer attributeDescription = VkVertexInputAttributeDescription.calloc(1, MemStack)
+                    .binding(0)
+                    .location(0)
+                    .format(VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT)
+                    .offset(0);
+
+            VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo skyboxVertexInputState = VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo.calloc(MemStack)
+                    .sType(VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VERTEX_INPUT_STATE_CREATE_INFO)
+                    .pVertexBindingDescriptions(bindingDescription)
+                    .pVertexAttributeDescriptions(attributeDescription);
+
+            var BuildInfo = new PipelineBuildInfo(ShaderModules, skyboxVertexInputState, skyboxFormats)
+                    .SetDepthFormat(MultiRenderTargetAttachments.DEPTH_FORMAT)
+                    .SetDepthWrite(false)
+                    .SetDepthTest(true)
+                    .SetPushConstantRanges(new PushConstantsRange[0])
+                    .SetDescriptorSetLayouts(DescriptorSetLayouts)
+                    .BlendingIsUsed(true)
+                    .SetDualPass(false)
+                    .SetAlphaToCoverage(false);
+            var pipeline = new DefaultPipeline(VkCtx, BuildInfo);
+            Logger.debug("Skybox Pipeline Created Successfully");
+            return pipeline;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static Pipeline CreatePipeline(VulkanContext VkCtx, ShaderModule[] ShaderModules, DescriptorSetLayout[] DescriptorSetLayouts, boolean DepthWrite, boolean DualRender, boolean Blending, boolean AlphaToCoverage, int BlendingMethod){
         var vertexBufferStructure = new VertexBufferStructure();
         var BuildInfo = new PipelineBuildInfo(ShaderModules,vertexBufferStructure.getVertexInput(),new int[]{
                 MultiRenderTargetAttachments.POSITION_FORMAT, MultiRenderTargetAttachments.ALBEDO_FORMAT, MultiRenderTargetAttachments.NORMAL_FORMAT, MultiRenderTargetAttachments.PBR_FORMAT})
@@ -204,10 +284,12 @@ public class DeferredSceneRender implements SceneRenderer {//dynamic rendering
                                 new PushConstantsRange(VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT,VulkanUtils.MATRIX4X4_SIZE,VulkanUtils.INT_SIZE)
                         })
                 .SetDescriptorSetLayouts(DescriptorSetLayouts)
-                .BlendingIsUsed(DualRender ? !DepthWrite : true)
+                .SetBlendingMethod(BlendingMethod)
+                .BlendingIsUsed(Blending)
                 .SetDualPass(DualRender)
                 .SetAlphaToCoverage(AlphaToCoverage);
         var pipeline = new DefaultPipeline(VkCtx, BuildInfo);
+        Logger.debug("Pipeline Created");
         vertexBufferStructure.cleanup();
         return pipeline;
     }
@@ -255,6 +337,7 @@ public class DeferredSceneRender implements SceneRenderer {//dynamic rendering
             vkCmdSetScissor(CommandHandle, 0, Scissor);
 
             VulkanUtils.CopyMatrixToBuffer(vulkanContext, BufferViewMatrices[CurrentFrame],engineInstance.scene().GetCamera().GetViewMatrix(), 0); // here
+
             DescriptorAllocator descriptorAllocator = vulkanContext.GetDescriptorAllocator();
             LongBuffer DescriptorSets = MemStack.mallocLong(4)
                     .put(0,descriptorAllocator.GetDescriptorSet(DESCRIPTOR_ID_PRJ).GetVkDescriptorSet())
@@ -264,14 +347,38 @@ public class DeferredSceneRender implements SceneRenderer {//dynamic rendering
             vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(CommandHandle, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, DualPassRendering ? VkPipelineOpaque.GetVulkanPipelineLayout() : VkPipeline.GetVulkanPipelineLayout(),0,DescriptorSets,null);
 
             RenderActors(engineInstance, CommandHandle, modelsCache, materialsCache, false);
+
+            Matrix4f skyboxViewMatrix = new Matrix4f().identity();
+            skyboxViewMatrix.set(engineInstance.scene().GetCamera().GetViewMatrix());
+            skyboxViewMatrix.m30(0.0f);
+            skyboxViewMatrix.m31(0.0f);
+            skyboxViewMatrix.m32(0.0f);
+
+            VulkanUtils.CopyMatrixToBuffer(vulkanContext, BufferSkyboxViewMatrices[CurrentFrame], skyboxViewMatrix, 0);
+
+            vkCmdBindPipeline(CommandHandle, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, VkSkyboxPipeline.GetVulkanPipeline());
+
+            LongBuffer skyboxDescriptorSets = MemStack.mallocLong(3)
+                    .put(0, descriptorAllocator.GetDescriptorSet(DESCRIPTOR_ID_PRJ).GetVkDescriptorSet())
+                    .put(1, descriptorAllocator.GetDescriptorSet(DESCRIPTOR_ID_SKYBOX_VIEW, CurrentFrame).GetVkDescriptorSet())
+                    .put(2, descriptorAllocator.GetDescriptorSet(DESCRIPTOR_ID_SKYBOX_CUBEMAP).GetVkDescriptorSet());
+
+            vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(CommandHandle, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, VkSkyboxPipeline.GetVulkanPipelineLayout(), 0, skyboxDescriptorSets, null);
+
+            modelsCache.bindAndDrawCubeMesh(CommandHandle, SkyBoxID);
+            VulkanUtils.CopyMatrixToBuffer(vulkanContext, BufferViewMatrices[CurrentFrame],engineInstance.scene().GetCamera().GetViewMatrix(), 0); // here
             if(DualPassRendering) {
                 vkCmdBindPipeline(CommandHandle, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, VkPipelineTranslucent.GetVulkanPipeline());
-                vkCmdSetViewport(CommandHandle, 0, Viewport);
-                vkCmdSetScissor(CommandHandle, 0, Scissor);
                 vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(CommandHandle, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, VkPipelineTranslucent.GetVulkanPipelineLayout(), 0, DescriptorSets, null);
+                //vkCmdBindPipeline(CommandHandle, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, VkPipelineOpaque.GetVulkanPipeline());
+                //vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(CommandHandle, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, VkPipelineOpaque.GetVulkanPipelineLayout(), 0, DescriptorSets, null);
+            } else{
+                vkCmdBindPipeline(CommandHandle, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, VkPipeline.GetVulkanPipeline());
+                vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(CommandHandle, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, VkPipeline.GetVulkanPipelineLayout(),0,DescriptorSets,null);
             }
             RenderActors(engineInstance, CommandHandle, modelsCache, materialsCache, true);
 
+
             vkCmdEndRendering(CommandHandle);
 
             GPUTIME += System.nanoTime() - InitialTime;
@@ -346,9 +453,21 @@ public class DeferredSceneRender implements SceneRenderer {//dynamic rendering
         var buffer = materialsCache.GetMaterialsBuffer();
         descSet.SetBuffer(device, buffer, buffer.GetRequestedSize(), layoutInfo.Binding(), layoutInfo.DescriptorType());
 
-        List<ImageView> imageViews = textureCache.GetTextureList().stream().map(Texture::GetImageView).toList();
+        List<ImageView> imageViews = textureCache.GetTextureList().stream().map(ITexture::GetImageView).toList();
         descSet = VkCtx.GetDescriptorAllocator().AddDescriptorSet(device, DESCRIPTOR_ID_TEXT, descriptorLayoutTexture);
         descSet.SetImageArray(device, imageViews, textureSampler, 0);
+
+        DescriptorSet descSetSkyBox = descAllocator.AddDescriptorSet(device, DESCRIPTOR_ID_SKYBOX_CUBEMAP, descriptorLayoutSkyboxTexture);
+        ITexture SkyBoxTexture = textureCache.GetTexture(SkyBoxID);
+        if (SkyBoxTexture == null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Skybox texture map was not properly cached before descriptor binding phase!");
+        }
+        descSetSkyBox.SetImage(
+                device,
+                SkyBoxTexture.GetImageView(),
+                textureSampler,
+                descriptorLayoutSkyboxTexture.GetLayoutInfo().Binding()
+        );
     }
 
     private static VkRenderingInfo CreateRenderInfo(VulkanContext VkCtx, VkRenderingAttachmentInfo.Buffer ColourAttachmentInfo, VkRenderingAttachmentInfo DepthAttachmentInfo){
@@ -368,6 +487,7 @@ public class DeferredSceneRender implements SceneRenderer {//dynamic rendering
 
     public void cleanup(VulkanContext VkCtx){
         VkPipeline.CleanUp(VkCtx);
+       // VkSkyboxPipeline.CleanUp(VkCtx);
         VkPipelineOpaque.CleanUp(VkCtx);
         VkPipelineTranslucent.CleanUp(VkCtx);
         Arrays.asList(BufferViewMatrices).forEach(b -> b.cleanup(VkCtx));

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Structure/DisplayToScreen/ForwardSceneRender.java

@@ -9,10 +9,7 @@ import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.Scene.IScene;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.Scene.Scene;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.DeferredRendering.MultiRenderTargetAttachments;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.DefaultPipeline;
-import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Images.Attachment;
-import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Images.Image;
-import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Images.Texture;
-import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Images.TextureCache;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Images.*;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.Pipeline;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.PipelineBuildInfo;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Pipeline.PushConstantsRange;
@@ -60,7 +57,7 @@ public class ForwardSceneRender implements SceneRenderer {//dynamic rendering
     private final DescriptorSetLayout descriptorLayoutVertexUniform;
     private final TextureSampler textureSampler;
     private static final int COLOUR_FORMAT = VK_FORMAT_R16G16B16A16_SFLOAT;
-    private static final int DEPTH_FORMAT = VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT_S8_UINT;
+    private static final int DEPTH_FORMAT = VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT;
     private final VkClearValue ClearValueDepth;
     private final ByteBuffer PushConstBuffer;
     private Attachment AttachmentDepth;
@@ -356,7 +353,7 @@ public class ForwardSceneRender implements SceneRenderer {//dynamic rendering
         DescriptorSetLayout.LayoutInformation LayoutInfo = descriptorLayoutFragStorage.GetLayoutInfo();
         var Buffer = materialsCache.GetMaterialsBuffer();
         descriptorSet.SetBuffer(device,Buffer,Buffer.GetRequestedSize(),LayoutInfo.Binding(),LayoutInfo.DescriptorType());
-        List<ImageView> imageViews = textureCache.GetTextureList().stream().map(Texture::GetImageView).toList();
+        List<ImageView> imageViews = textureCache.GetTextureList().stream().map(ITexture::GetImageView).toList();
         descriptorSet = VkCtx.GetDescriptorAllocator().AddDescriptorSet(device,DESCRIPTOR_ID_TEXT,descriptorLayoutTexture);
         descriptorSet.SetImageArray(device,imageViews,textureSampler,0);
     }

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Structure/SwapChain/SwapChain.java

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import java.nio.LongBuffer;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 
 import static net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Util.VulkanUtils.vkCheck;
+import static org.lwjgl.vulkan.KHRSurface.VK_COMPOSITE_ALPHA_OPAQUE_BIT_KHR;
 import static org.lwjgl.vulkan.VK13.*;
 
 public class SwapChain {
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ public class SwapChain {
                     .imageArrayLayers(1)
                     .imageUsage(VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT)
                     .preTransform(SurfaceCapabilities.currentTransform())
-                    .compositeAlpha(KHRSurface.VK_COMPOSITE_ALPHA_OPAQUE_BIT_KHR)
+                    .compositeAlpha(VK_COMPOSITE_ALPHA_OPAQUE_BIT_KHR)
                     .clipped(true);
             if (VSYNC){
                 VulkanSwapChainCreateInfo.presentMode(KHRSurface.VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR);

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Structure/SwapChain/SwapChainRender.java

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ public class SwapChainRender {
     }
     private static Pipeline CreatePipeline(VulkanContext VkCtx, ShaderModule[] shaderModules, DescriptorSetLayout[] descriptorSetLayouts){
         var VertexBufferStruct = new EmptyVertexBufferStruct();
-        var BuildInfo = new PipelineBuildInfo(shaderModules, VertexBufferStruct.GetVertexInput(),new int[]{VkCtx.GetSurface().GetSurfaceFormat().ImageFormat()}).SetDescriptorSetLayouts(descriptorSetLayouts).BlendingIsUsed(true);
+        var BuildInfo = new PipelineBuildInfo(shaderModules, VertexBufferStruct.GetVertexInput(),new int[]{VkCtx.GetSurface().GetSurfaceFormat().ImageFormat()}).SetDescriptorSetLayouts(descriptorSetLayouts).BlendingIsUsed(false);
         var pipeline = new DefaultPipeline(VkCtx,BuildInfo);
         VertexBufferStruct.CleanUp();
         return pipeline;
@@ -167,9 +167,16 @@ public class SwapChainRender {
 
             vkCmdEndRendering(CommandHandle);
 
-            VulkanUtils.ImageBarrier(MemStack,CommandHandle,SwapChainImage,VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR,
-                    VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_BOTTOM_OF_PIPE_BIT, VK_ACCESS_2_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_2_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
-                    VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_NONE, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT);
+            VulkanUtils.ImageBarrier(MemStack,
+                    CommandHandle,
+                    SwapChainImage,
+                    VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
+                    VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR,
+                    VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT, // Source Stage
+                    VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_NONE,                        // Destination Stage (Replacing BOTTOM_OF_PIPE)
+                    VK_ACCESS_2_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,          // Source Access Mask
+                    VK_ACCESS_2_NONE,                                // Destination Access Mask (Replacing Stage_2_None)
+                    VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT);
         }
     }
 

src/main/java/net/halbear/Terrain4J/EngineCore/Vulkan/Util/VulkanUtils.java

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Util;
 
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Logic.Rendering.VulkanContext;
+import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Main.PrimaryRuntime;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Shader.DescriptorAllocator;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Shader.DescriptorSet;
 import net.halbear.Terrain4J.EngineCore.Vulkan.Rendering.Shader.DescriptorSetLayout;
@@ -9,6 +10,7 @@ import org.joml.Matrix4f;
 import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryStack;
 import org.lwjgl.system.MemoryUtil;
 import org.lwjgl.vulkan.*;
+import org.tinylog.Logger;
 
 import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
@@ -41,7 +43,16 @@ public class VulkanUtils {
         matrix.get(Offset, matrixBuffer);
         VkBuffer.UnMapMemory(VkCtx);
     }
-
+    public static VulkanBuffer CreateRawVertexAttrBuffer(VulkanContext VkCtx, long BufferSize) {
+        return new VulkanBuffer(
+                VkCtx,
+                BufferSize,
+                VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT,
+                VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO_PREFER_DEVICE,
+                VMA_ALLOCATION_CREATE_HOST_ACCESS_SEQUENTIAL_WRITE_BIT,
+                VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT
+        );
+    }
     public static VulkanBuffer[] CreateHostVisibleBuffers(VulkanContext VkCtx, long BufferSize, int BufferCount, int Usage, String ID, DescriptorSetLayout layout){
         DescriptorAllocator descriptorAllocator = VkCtx.GetDescriptorAllocator();
         Device device = VkCtx.GetDevice();
@@ -142,7 +153,12 @@ public class VulkanUtils {
                 case VK_ERROR_UNKNOWN -> "VK_ERROR_UNKNOWN";
                 default -> "Not mapped";
             };
-            throw new RuntimeException(ErrorMessage + ": " + ErrorCode + " [" + Error + "]");
+            Logger.error("FATAL VULKAN ERROR -> " + ErrorMessage + ": " + ErrorCode + " [" + Error + "]\nAttempting To Restart Vulkan...");
+            if(PrimaryRuntime.GetRenderThread() != null)PrimaryRuntime.GetRenderThread().RestartCrashedRenderer();
+            else{
+                PrimaryRuntime.GetEngineInstance().window().setShouldClose();
+                PrimaryRuntime.CloseRuntime();
+            }
         }
     }
 

terrain4j.properties

@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ compatibility_mode=false
 #0 = Forward rendering
 #1 = Deferred rendering
 Renderer=1
+ShadowMapSize=16
+MaxAllowedVulkanCrashes=10
 AlphaToCoverage=false
 DualPassRendering=false
 #AA settings
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ vkValidated=true
 vsync=false
 #Swap Chain Images
 RequestedImages=3
-DefaultTexturePath=resources/EngineResources/Texture/DefaultTexture.png
+DefaultTexturePath=resources/EngineResources/Texture/NoTexture.png
 #This is the name of the GPU you want the engine to use
 PhysicalDeviceName=